Ngwongwo nke nghazi na njupụta nke ikuku eletrik eletrik na-agbanwe ka oge na-aga ka a na-akpọ polarization na optics.Ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe a nwere iwu doro anya, a na-akpọ ya polarized electromagnetic wave .
(nke a na-ezo aka dị ka polarized wave)
Isi ihe 7 ị ga-amata gbasara “polarization electromagnetic wave” bụ:
1. Electromagnetic wave polarization na-ezo aka na ihe onwunwe na nghazi na njupụta nke ikuku eletrik eletrik na-agbanwe ka oge na-aga, nke a na-akpọ polarization na optics.Ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe a nwere iwu doro anya, a na-akpọ ya polarized electromagnetic wave (nke a na-akpọ ya dị ka polarized wave).Ọ bụrụ na ike ọkụ eletrik nke a polarized electromagnetic ife na-mgbe niile gbakwasara na a (transverse) ụgbọ elu perpendicular na propagation direction, na njedebe nke ọkụ eletrik vector ya na-aga n'okporo ụzọ mechiri emechi, a polarized electromagnetic ife a na-akpọ ụgbọ elu polarized ife.A na-akpọ trajectory sagittal nke mpaghara ọkụ eletrik, a na-akpọkwa ebili mmiri polarization dịka ọdịdị nke polarization curve si dị.
2. 2. N'ihi na otu ugboro ụgbọ elu polarized wave, polarization curve bụ ellipse (a na-akpọ polarization ellipse), ya mere a na-akpọ elliptical polarized wave.A na-ele ya anya site na ntụzịaka mgbasa, ma ọ bụrụ na ntụgharị ntụgharị nke vector mpaghara eletrik na-aga na elekere, nke kwekọrọ na iwu helix ziri ezi, a na-akpọ ya ebili mmiri polarized aka nri;Ọ bụrụ na ntụzịaka ntụgharị ahụ dabara na elekere aka ekpe, a na-akpọ ya wave polarized aka ekpe.Dị ka geometric parameters nke polarization ellipse (lee geometric parameters nke polarization ellipse), elliptical polarization ife nwere ike kọwara quantitatively, ya bụ, axial ratio (oke nke ogologo axis na obere axis), polarization. uzo uzo (akuku oblique nke ogologo axis) na ntụgharị ntụgharị (ntụgharị aka nri ma ọ bụ aka ekpe).A na-akpọ ebili mmiri elliptical polarized nke nwere oke axial hà nhata 1, ebili mmiri dị okirikiri, na usoro polarization ya bụ okirikiri, nke nwekwara ike kewaa n'akụkụ aka nri ma ọ bụ aka ekpe.N'oge a, a na-ejighị n'aka na polarization ntụziaka, na oblique akụkụ nke mbụ nghazi nke eletriki vector na-anọchi.A na-akpọ ebili mmiri elliptical polarization nke oke axial na-achọkarị ka enweghi ngwụcha bụ nke a na-akpọ linear polarization wave.Ntuzi aka nke vector mpaghara eletrik ya na-adị mgbe niile na ahịrị kwụ ọtọ, na akụkụ oblique nke ahịrị kwụ ọtọ a bụ ntụzịaka polarization.N'oge a, ntụgharị ntụgharị na-efunahụ ihe ọ pụtara ma dochie ya na mbido mbụ nke ike ọkụ eletrik.
3. Enwere ike imebi ebili mmiri ọ bụla elliptical polarization n'ime nchikota nke ebili mmiri okirikiri nke aka nri (nke akara ụkwụ R) na-anọchi anya ya na ebili mmiri okirikiri nke aka ekpe (nke a na-anọchi anya akara ụkwụ L).Ọ bụrụ na ebili mmiri ahụ nwere eriri kwụ n'ahịrị na-emebi ebili mmiri abụọ nwere okirikiri nwere ntụzịaka ntụgharị dị iche, njupụta ha hà nhata na nghazi mbụ ha dabara na nke ebili mmiri nke kwụ n'ahịrị.
4. Enwere ike imebi ebili mmiri ọ bụla elliptical polarization n'ime nchikota ebili mmiri abụọ nwere n'ahịrị polarized nwere nghazi orthogonal.N'ozuzu, otu n'ime ebili mmiri nke linearly polarized na-adabere na ụgbọ elu kwụ ọtọ (na n'ụzọ dị n'usoro mgbasa ozi), nke a na-akpọ ebili mmiri kwụ ọtọ (nke akara ụkwụ na-anọchi anya ya);Ntughari nke ebili mmiri nke ọzọ linearly polarized na-adaba n'otu oge na ntụzịaka na ntụgharị nke ebili mmiri dị n'elu kwụ ọtọ, nke a na-akpọ ebili mmiri kwụ ọtọ (nke akara ụkwụ V nọchiri anya ya) (vector field vector of the vertical polarized ife na-adabere na ya. n'akụkụ eriri piom naanị mgbe ntụzịaka mgbasa dị na ụgbọ elu kwụ ọtọ).Igwe ọkụ eletrik nke akụkụ abụọ nke ebili mmiri kwụ ọtọ nwere ọnụọgụ njupụta dị iche iche yana nchikota nkeji mbụ dị iche iche.
5. Otu elliptical polarization ife nwere ike kọwara quantitatively ọ bụghị nanị site geometric parameters nke polarization ellipse, kamakwa site parameters n'etiti abụọ counter n'atụgharị okirikiri polarization components ma ọ bụ abụọ orthogonal linear polarization components.Maapụ okirikiri polarization bụ n'ezie ntule nke isolines nke parampat polarization dị iche iche n'elu okirikiri dị na mbara ala equatorial.Antenna na-ebufe na ịnata ebili mmiri elektrọnik nwere njirimara polarization doro anya, nke enwere ike ịkpọ aha ya dabere na polarization ebili mmiri electromagnetic na ụzọ radieshon kacha sie ike mgbe ejiri ya dị ka eriri na-ebufe.
6. N'ozuzu, iji nweta ikike nnyefe kachasị n'etiti nnyefe na ịnweta antennas, a ga-eji nnyefe na ịnweta antennas nwere otu njirimara polarization.A na-akpọ ọnọdụ nhazi a matching polarization.Mgbe ụfọdụ, iji zere mbubata nke ụfọdụ ebili mmiri polarization, anantennaa na-eji akụrụngwa polarization orthogonal, dị ka eriri polarization vetikal orthogonal gaa na ebili mmiri kwụ ọtọ;Igwe oghere nwere okirikiri aka nri bụ orthogonal na ebili mmiri nwere okirikiri aka ekpe.A na-akpọ ọnọdụ nhazi a iche iche polarization.
7. Enwere ike itinye ikewapụ iche n'etiti ebili mmiri abụọ nke orthogonal polarization na sistemụ polarization dị iche iche.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji otu antenna nwere ọrụ polarization abụọ iji ghọta nnyefe ọwa abụọ ma ọ bụ transceiver duplex;A na-eji eriri polarization orthogonal abụọ dị iche iche iji ghọta nnabata polarization dị iche iche ma ọ bụ nleba anya stereoscopic (dịka ihe nkiri stereo).Na mgbakwunye, na sistemụ nchọpụta ozi dị ka nhụta anya na nnabata radar, ihe onwunwe nke ebili mmiri gbasasịrị nwere ike inye ozi ndị ọzọ ma e wezụga njupụta na ozi oge.
Tel: (028) 84215383
Adreesị: No.24-2 Longtan Industrial Urban Park, Chenghua District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Oge nzipu: Mee-06-2022
